Bergeron–Garsia Schur-positivity conjecture for nabla applied to monomial symmetric functions

From papers

Let Λ\Lambda be the ring of symmetric functions, let mμm_{\mu} and sλs_{\lambda} denote the monomial and Schur symmetric functions indexed by partitions μ\mu and λ\lambda, respectively, and let ,\langle\,\cdot\,,\,\cdot\,\rangle be the Hall inner product. Let μ|\mu| be the size of μ\mu, l(μ)l(\mu) its length, and let \nabla be the modified-Macdonald eigenoperator. Bergeron–Garsia's conjecture. For every pair of partitions λ\lambda and μ\mu,

(1)μl(μ)mμ,sλN[q,t].\left\langle(-1)^{|\mu|-l(\mu)}\nabla m_{\mu},s_{\lambda}\right\rangle\in\mathbb{N}[q,t].

The claim asserts Schur positivity of the signed transformed monomial symmetric function. The paper notes known special cases, including μ=(1n)\mu=(1^n), μ=(n)\mu=(n), and hook cases, while the general statement is not resolved in the supplied context.

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Primary source

Menghao Qu and Guoce Xin, “A parking function interpretation for (-1)^km_2^k1^l”, arXiv:2312.16824 (2025).

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