Lagarias's periodicity conjecture for the 2-adic Collatz map
Let be the ring of -adic integers, let be given by
where at each iterate is the residue modulo of the current element. An element of is eventually -periodic if some iterate of it is periodic under . Lagarias's periodicity conjecture. The eventually -periodic elements of are exactly the elements of . It is known that all eventually -periodic elements are rational, while the converse is the conjecture attributed to Lagarias. The conjecture remains open.
References
Primary source
Angelot Behajaina and Elad Paran, “The Collatz map analogue in polynomial rings and in completions”, arXiv:2312.00390 (2024).
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