Clark–Ismail positivity conjecture for the functions fjf_j and gjg_j

Let j>1j>1 and v>0v>0. Define

fj(v)=djdvj(vj1ev),f_j(v)=\frac{\operatorname{d}^j}{\operatorname{d}v^j}\left(\frac{v^j}{1-\operatorname{e}^{-v}}\right),

and

gj(v)=(1evv)j+1ejvfj(v).g_j(v)=\left(\frac{1-\operatorname{e}^{-v}}{v}\right)^{j+1}\operatorname{e}^{jv}f_j(v).

Clark–Ismail's positivity conjecture. The functions fj(v)f_j(v), or equivalently gj(v)g_j(v), are positive on (0,)(0,\infty) for all j>1j>1. This conjecture concerns the positivity needed to establish complete monotonicity of the associated derivatives of polygamma functions; it was posed by Clark and Ismail after verifying the claim computationally for 2j162\le j\le16, and its general status is not specified in the source.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Yan-Fang Li, Dongkyu Lim and Feng Qi, “Closed-form formulas, determinantal expressions, recursive relations, power series, and special values of several functions used in Clark–Ismail's two conjectures”, arXiv:2310.12697 (2023).

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