The duplication lower-bound conjecture for Betti numbers of symbolic powers

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Let GG be a graph on mm vertices and let α=(α1,…,αm)∈(Z+)m\alpha=(\alpha_1,\dots,\alpha_m)\in(\mathbb Z^+)^m, where GαG^\alpha is obtained by duplicating the vertices of GG according to α\alpha. Write I(G)I(G) for the edge ideal of GG, I(G)(s)I(G)^{(s)} for its ss-th symbolic power, and βi,j\beta_{i,j} for the graded Betti numbers. Duplication lower-bound conjecture. For all i,j∈Z+i,j\in\mathbb Z^+ and s≥2s\geq 2,

βi,j(I(Gα)(s))≥(∏iαi)βi,j(I(G)(s)).\beta_{i,j}(I(G^\alpha)^{(s)})\geq\left(\prod_i\alpha_i\right)\beta_{i,j}(I(G)^{(s)}).

The conjecture proposes that syzygies of symbolic powers persist under vertex duplication in at least ∏iαi\prod_i\alpha_i disjoint substitution patterns; the paper notes that this stronger bound should hold over any field, but does not establish it.

References

Primary source

Susan M. Cooper, Sergio Da Silva, Max Gutkin and Tessa Reimer, “Splittings for symbolic powers of edge ideals of complete graphs”, arXiv:2309.13017 (2023).

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