Torelli conjecture for polarized Hodge structures of opers

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Let X\mathscr{X} be a pointed Riemann surface. For i=1,2i=1,2, let E⊙,i♠\mathscr{E}_{\odot,i}^{\spadesuit} be a G⊙G^\odot-oper classified by OpP(X,G⊙(R))\mathrm{Op}_P(\mathscr{X},G^\odot(\mathbb{R})), with monodromy map

μi:=MonE⊙,i♠:Γ⟶G⊙(R).\mu_i:=\mathrm{Mon}_{\mathscr{E}_{\odot,i}^{\spadesuit}}:\Gamma\longrightarrow G^\odot(\mathbb{R}).

Suppose that μ:=μ1=μ2\mu:=\mu_1=\mu_2. For each positive integer jj, the associated polarized real Hodge structures are defined on HP1(Γ,V2j,R,μ)H^1_P(\Gamma,V_{2j,\mathbb{R},\mu}).

Torelli conjecture for opers. The following conditions are equivalent:

  • X1X_1 is biholomorphic to X2X_2;
  • the polarized real Hodge structures on HP1(Γ,V2j,R,μ)H^1_P(\Gamma,V_{2j,\mathbb{R},\mu}) associated to E⊙,1♠\mathscr{E}_{\odot,1}^{\spadesuit} and E⊙,2♠\mathscr{E}_{\odot,2}^{\spadesuit} are identical, up to a constant factor, for every j∈Z>0j\in\mathbb{Z}_{>0}.

Moreover, the equality of these data implies E⊙,1♠≅E⊙,2♠\mathscr{E}_{\odot,1}^{\spadesuit}\cong\mathscr{E}_{\odot,2}^{\spadesuit}, and each pair (X,E⊙♠)(\mathscr{X},\mathscr{E}_{\odot}^{\spadesuit}) with E⊙♠∈ob⁡(OpP(X,G⊙(R)))\mathscr{E}_{\odot}^{\spadesuit}\in\operatorname{ob}(\mathrm{Op}_P(\mathscr{X},G^\odot(\mathbb{R}))) can be reconstructed from its monodromy map and the associated polarized real Hodge structures.

This is a Torelli-type statement: it asks whether the pointed Riemann surface and the oper can be recovered from monodromy together with the Hodge-theoretic data. The source describes it as expected and does not provide a resolution.

References

Primary source

Yasuhiro Wakabayashi, “Opers with real monodromy and Eichler-Shimura isomorphism”, arXiv:2309.12203 (2023).

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