Bóna–Dimitrov's generalized Sturm sequence conjecture for Dyck-path polynomials

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Let Wn,k(x)=m=0kwn,k,mxmW_{n,k}(x)=\sum_{m=0}^{k}w_{n,k,m}x^m, where wn,k,mw_{n,k,m} counts Dyck paths of semilength nn with kk occurrences of UDUD and mm occurrences of UUDUUD. A sequence of real-rooted polynomials is a generalized Sturm sequence when consecutive terms satisfy Fi(x)Fi+1(x)F_i(x)\preccurlyeq F_{i+1}(x), where \preccurlyeq denotes the interlacing relation. Bóna–Dimitrov's generalized Sturm sequence conjecture. For any fixed k1k\geq 1, the polynomial sequence {Wn,k(x)}nk\{W_{n,k}(x)\}_{n\geq k} is a generalized Sturm sequence. The real-rootedness of these polynomials is known, but this interlacing conjecture was proposed by Bóna et al. and its resolution is not specified here.

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Primary source

Bo Wang and Candice X. T. Zhang, “Interlacing property of a family of generating polynomials over Dyck paths”, arXiv:2309.05903 (2023).

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