Kontsevich–Zorich conjecture on the asymptotic second Lyapunov exponent

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Let gg denote the genus, let θ2\theta_2 be the second Lyapunov exponent of the Kontsevich–Zorich cocycle over the indicated moduli space of translation surfaces, and let M2g−2H\mathcal{M}^{\mathcal{H}}_{2g-2} and M(g−1,g−1)H\mathcal{M}^{\mathcal{H}}_{(g-1,g-1)} denote the hyperelliptic components. Consider also the other connected components and moduli spaces of holomorphic differentials.

Kontsevich–Zorich conjecture. For the hyperelliptic components M2g−2H\mathcal{M}^{\mathcal{H}}_{2g-2} and M(g−1,g−1)H\mathcal{M}^{\mathcal{H}}_{(g-1,g-1)},

lim⁡g→∞θ2=1.\lim_{g\to\infty}\theta_2=1.

For all other components and other moduli spaces of holomorphic differentials,

lim⁡g→∞θ2=12.\lim_{g\to\infty}\theta_2=\frac{1}{2}.

The paper presents this as a conjecture concerning the large-genus limit of the second exponent and studies bounds related to it using invariant submanifolds and a twisted cocycle. The supplied text gives no evidence of resolution.

References

Primary source

Hesam Rajabzadeh and Pedram Safaee, “Nondegeneracy of the spectrum of the twisted cocycle for interval exchange transformations”, arXiv:2309.05175 (2023).

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