The supercritical collection conjecture for hard Lefschetz classes

Let XX be a smooth projective variety of dimension nn, and let L=(L1,,Ln2)\mathfrak{L}=(L_1,\ldots,L_{n-2}) be a supercritical collection of nef classes on XX. Define

VL,eff=spanR{[D]:DPrime(X), L[D]=0}.V_{\mathfrak{L},\operatorname{eff}}=\operatorname{span}_{\mathbb{R}}\{[D]:D\in\operatorname{Prime}(X),\ \mathfrak{L}\cdot[D]=0\}.

Supercritical collection conjecture. One has

kerL=VL,eff.\ker \mathfrak{L}=V_{\mathfrak{L},\operatorname{eff}}.

In particular, L\mathfrak{L} is a hard Lefschetz class if and only if L[D]0\mathfrak{L}\cdot[D]\neq 0 for every prime divisor DD on XX. This conjectural description extends the toric characterization of hard Lefschetz classes to smooth projective varieties in the supercritical case; the surrounding discussion presents it as an expectation motivated by known toric results, and no resolution is supplied here.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Jiajun Hu and Jian Xiao, “Numerical characterization of the hard Lefschetz classes of dimension two, I: supercritical collections under certain rearrangement”, arXiv:2309.05008 (2026).

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