The stationary descendent Gromov–Witten formula for primitive K3 classes

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Let SS be a K3 surface and let β∈H2(S,Z)\beta\in H_2(S,\mathbb Z) be primitive. For cohomology classes γ0,γ1,…∈H∗(S)\gamma_0,\gamma_1,\ldots\in H^*(S), define the partition function Zβ(γ0,γ1,…)Z_\beta(\gamma_0,\gamma_1,\ldots) by the exponential generating series of descendent invariants, and let (γ1,γ2)=∫Sγ1∪γ2(\gamma_1,\gamma_2)=\int_S\gamma_1\cup\gamma_2 be the intersection pairing. Let Ak(q)A_k(q), Bk(q)B_k(q), and Ckℓ(q)C_{k\ell}(q) be the power series appearing in the formula, and let Δ(q)\Delta(q) be the discriminant series. Stationary descendent formula. If deg⁡(γi)>0\deg(\gamma_i)>0 for all ii, then

Zβ(γ0,γ1,…)=Coeff⁡β2/2[1Δ(q)exp⁡(∑k≥0(γk,β)Ak(q)+∑k≥0(γk,1)Bk(q)+12∑k,ℓ≥0(γk⋅γℓ)Ckℓ(q))].Z_\beta(\gamma_0,\gamma_1,\ldots)=\operatorname{Coeff}_{\beta^2/2}\left[\frac{1}{\Delta(q)}\exp\left(\sum_{k\geq0}(\gamma_k,\beta)A_k(q)+\sum_{k\geq0}(\gamma_k,1)B_k(q)+\frac12\sum_{k,\ell\geq0}(\gamma_k\cdot\gamma_\ell)C_{k\ell}(q)\right)\right].

This would determine all primitive stationary descendent invariants of a K3 surface. The formula is presented as conjectural in the paper and is the main input for the proposed effective computation of invariants.

References

Primary source

Georg Oberdieck, “On the descendent Gromov-Witten theory of a K3 surface”, arXiv:2308.09074 (2025).

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