The torus first Dirac eigenvalue optimisation conjecture for the trivial spin structure

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Let (a,b)(a,b) satisfy 0≤a≤1/20\leq a\leq 1/2 and a2+b2≥1a^2+b^2\geq 1, let T2=R2/Γa,b\mathbb{T}^2=\mathbb{R}^2/\Gamma_{a,b} be the corresponding flat torus with flat metric ga,bg_{a,b}, and let [ga,b][g_{a,b}] be its conformal class. Write S0S_0 for the trivial spin structure and Λ1(T2,[ga,b],S0)\Lambda_1(\mathbb{T}^2,[g_{a,b}],S_0) for the conformal supremum of the first Dirac eigenvalue normalised by area. The torus first eigenvalue conjecture. For the trivial spin structure S0S_0 on the torus T2\mathbb{T}^2 one has

Λ1(T2,[ga,b],S0)={2πbif b≥π,2πif b≤π.\Lambda_1(\mathbb{T}^2,[g_{a,b}],S_0)= \begin{cases} \dfrac{2\pi}{\sqrt{b}} & \text{if } b\geq\pi,\\ 2\sqrt{\pi} & \text{if } b\leq\pi. \end{cases}

In other words, either the minimiser is flat, or there is no smooth minimiser and a minimising sequence degenerates to a bubble. The claim extends the theorem proved for b>2πb>2\pi and is motivated by the existence of smooth minimisers in the relevant regime.

References

Primary source

Mikhail Karpukhin, Antoine Métras and Iosif Polterovich, “Dirac Eigenvalue Optimisation and Harmonic Maps to Complex Projective Spaces”, arXiv:2308.07875 (2023).

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