Zupan's distance conjecture for bridge positions of links

Let KK be a cc-component link embedded in a compact 33-manifold MM with kk S1×S2S^1\times S^2 summands. For a (g,b)(g,b)-bridge position of (M,K)(M,K), let D(Σ)D(\Sigma) denote the distance between the associated disk sets.

Zupan's distance conjecture. For any (g,b)(g,b)-bridge position of (M,K)(M,K),

D(Σ)gk+bc.D(\Sigma)\geq g-k+b-c.

Moreover, equality holds if and only if KK is an unlink in #kS1×S2\#^k S^1\times S^2.

This conjecture would merge the stated lower-bound result with the exact calculation for unlinks. It extends the known distance estimate for knots in manifolds without S1×S2S^1\times S^2 summands, while the claimed equality characterization remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Román Aranda, Sarah Blackwell, Devashi Gulati, Homayun Karimi, Geunyoung Kim, Nicholas Paul Meyer and Puttipong Pongtanapaisan, “Pants distances of knotted surfaces in 4-manifolds”, arXiv:2307.13874 (2026).

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