Gravitational-field variational-shape conjecture for the Ising phase separation

Let gN=g/N2g_N=g/N^2 with g<0g<0, and let hNh_N be the magnetic field specified in the source. For β>βc\beta>\beta_{\mathrm{c}}, let βc\beta_{\mathrm{c}} be the critical inverse temperature, let μN,β,hN,m\mu^-_{N,\beta,h_N,m} be the relevant Ising measure with minus boundary condition and magnetization parameter mm, let ΓN\Gamma_N be the relevant interface or phase-separation set, let mN(x)\mathsf{m}_N(x) be the associated microscopic magnetization profile, and let qV(x)q_{V_*}(x) be the profile associated with a minimizer VV_*. Then, for every ϵ>0\epsilon>0,

limNμN,β,hN,m(infVxΓNmN(x)qV(x)ϵΓN)=1,\lim_{N\to\infty} \mu^-_{N,\beta,h_N,m}\Bigl( \inf_{V_*} \sum_{x\in\Gamma_N} \bigl\lvert \mathsf{m}_N(x) - q_{V_*}(x) \bigr\rvert \leq \epsilon \lvert \Gamma_N \rvert \Bigr) = 1,

where the infimum is over all minimizers VV_* of

minimize Vτβ(ns)dHs(d1)+2mβgVxddx\text{minimize }\int_{\partial V} \tau_\beta(\vec n_s)\,\mathrm{d}\mathcal{H}^{(d-1)}_s + 2m_\beta^*g\int_V x_d\,\mathrm{d}x

over all subsets V[0,1]dV\subset[0,1]^d satisfying

H(d)(V)=mβ+m2mβ.\mathcal{H}^{(d)}(V)=\frac{m_\beta^*+m}{2m_\beta^*}.

Gravitational-field variational-shape conjecture. The preceding convergence in probability holds. The supplied context says that the solution of this variational problem is known in dimension d=2d=2 when the constraint V[0,1]2V\subset[0,1]^2 is dropped, or when mm is sufficiently close to mβ-m_\beta^* for that solution to fit inside the box; the conjecture concerns the corresponding phase-separated geometry in the general setting.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Yacine Aoun, Sébastien Ott and Yvan Velenik, “Fixed-magnetization Ising model with a slowly varying magnetic field”, arXiv:2307.03139 (2024).

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