Hironaka's golden ratio conjecture for minimum dilatations

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For each genus gg, let δg,0\delta_{g,0} denote the minimum dilatation among pseudo-Anosov maps on the closed surface of genus gg, and let μ\mu be the golden ratio. Hironaka's golden ratio conjecture. The minimum dilatations satisfy

lim⁡g→∞δg,02g−2=μ4.\lim_{g\to\infty}\delta_{g,0}^{2g-2}=\mu^4.

This conjecture predicts the asymptotic minimum normalized dilatation for pseudo-Anosov maps on closed surfaces. The source notes that examples with a uniformly bounded number of singularities support an approach to proving it, but the conjecture remains open in the supplied text.

References

Primary source

Chi Cheuk Tsang, “On the set of normalized dilatations of fully-punctured pseudo-Anosov maps”, arXiv:2306.10245 (2025).

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