Positivity conjecture for Welschinger invariants of (RP1)3(\mathbb{R}P^1)^3

Let (RP1)3(\mathbb{R}P^1)^3 be the product of three real projective lines with the standard real structure, and let s(RP1)3\mathfrak{s}_{(\mathbb{R}P^1)^3} be the Spin3Spin_3-structure over (RP1)3(\mathbb{R}P^1)^3 specified in Theorem 2-W. For (a,b,c)N×N×N(a,b,c)\in\mathbb{N}^*\times\mathbb{N}\times\mathbb{N} and l{0,,12(a+b+c1)}l\in\left\{0,\ldots,\frac{1}{2}(a+b+c-1)\right\}, write W(RP1)3s(RP1)3,o(RP1)3((a,b,c),l)W_{(\mathbb{R}P^1)^3}^{\mathfrak{s}_{(\mathbb{R}P^1)^3},\mathfrak{o}_{(\mathbb{R}P^1)^3}}((a,b,c),l) for the corresponding genus-00 Welschinger invariant. Positivity conjecture. For all such triplets (a,b,c)(a,b,c) and all such ll, one has

W(RP1)3s(RP1)3,o(RP1)3((a,b,c),l)0.W_{(\mathbb{R}P^1)^3}^{\mathfrak{s}_{(\mathbb{R}P^1)^3},\mathfrak{o}_{(\mathbb{R}P^1)^3}}((a,b,c),l)\geq 0.

The conjecture is motivated by the computations in the paper's table, which exhibit non-vanishing invariants in the cases not ruled out by the preceding vanishing proposition. Its general validity for all indicated triplets and values of ll is not established in the supplied text.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Thi-Ngoc-Anh Nguyen, “Gromov-Witten and Welschinger invariants of del Pezzo varieties”, arXiv:2302.09412 (2026).

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