Sawin–Wood conjecture for class groups of Gamma-extensions containing roots of unity

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Let Γ\Gamma be a finite group and let pp be a prime with p∤∣Γ∣p\nmid |\Gamma|. Let

S=Zp[Γ]/(∑γ∈Γγ).S=\mathbb{Z}_p[\Gamma]/\left(\sum_{\gamma\in\Gamma}\gamma\right).

Let K0K_0 be a number field with uu infinite places containing the prp^rth roots of unity but not the pr+1p^{r+1}th roots of unity, for some r≥1r\geq 1. Let E=E(Γ,K0)\mathcal{E}=\mathcal{E}(\Gamma,K_0) be the set of isomorphism classes of Galois Γ\Gamma-extensions K/K0K/K_0 together with an isomorphism Gal⁡(K/K0)≃Γ\operatorname{Gal}(K/K_0)\simeq\Gamma, and write Cl⁡K∣K0=Cl⁡K/Cl⁡K0\operatorname{Cl}_{K|K_0}=\operatorname{Cl}_K/\operatorname{Cl}_{K_0}. Sawin–Wood conjecture. As KK varies over E\mathcal{E}, the distribution of SS-modules Cl⁡K∣K0[p∞]\operatorname{Cl}_{K|K_0}[p^\infty] has average number of surjective morphisms to any finite SS-module VV equal to

∣(∧Zp2V)Γ[pr]∣∣V∣u.\frac{|(\wedge^2_{\mathbb{Z}_p}V)^\Gamma[p^r]|}{|V|^u}.

The claimed moments determine a unique distribution on SS-modules, for which the paper gives an explicit formula. This is a conjectural refinement of Cohen–Lenstra–Martinet heuristics at primes dividing the order of roots of unity in the base field.

References

Primary source

Will Sawin and Melanie Matchett Wood, “Conjectures for distributions of class groups of extensions of number fields containing roots of unity”, arXiv:2301.00791 (2024).

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