Conjecture on the UT-rank of the monoid M_5

Let M5=Mona,baba=baM_5 = \operatorname{Mon}\langle a,b\mid aba=ba\rangle be the one-relation monoid with defining relation aba=baaba=ba. Its UT-rank is the least nn such that M5M_5 admits a faithful representation into UTn(Z)\operatorname{UT}_n(\overline{\mathbb{Z}}). UT-rank conjecture for M5M_5. The monoid M5M_5 has UT-rank exactly 44. This is the remaining question for the UT-tropical embeddings considered here: an embedding into UT4(Z)\operatorname{UT}_4(\overline{\mathbb{Z}}) is known, but it is not known whether smaller matrices suffice.

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Primary source

Carl-Fredrik Nyberg-Brodda, “Tropical one-relation monoids”, arXiv:2209.12612 (2022).

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