Connected sum formula for bent complexes in instanton Floer homology

Let KiYiK_i\subset Y_i for i=1,2i=1,2 be rationally null-homologous knots. Write K1#K2K_1\# K_2 for their connected sum, and let B±(K)B^\pm(K) denote the bent complexes associated to a knot KK. Connected sum conjecture for bent complexes. There exist chain homotopy equivalences

B±(K1#K2)B±(K1)B±(K2).B^\pm(K_1\# K_2)\simeq B^\pm(K_1)\otimes B^\pm(K_2).

This would provide a stronger connected sum formula than the known tensor-product isomorphism for instanton knot Floer homology, by encoding the information in bent complexes. It is motivated by the analogous formula in Heegaard Floer theory and is not resolved in the supplied source.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Zhenkun Li and Fan Ye, “Knot surgery formulae for instanton Floer homology II: applications”, arXiv:2209.11018 (2025).

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