Higher nilpotency-class identity conjecture for unitriangular groups

Let k11k\geq 11 and let HUT(n,Q)\mathcal{H}\subset \mathsf{UT}(n,\mathbb{Q}) be any finite set of matrices. Write I={1,2,,k+1}\mathcal{I}=\{1,2,\ldots,k+1\}, let PII\operatorname{PI}^{\mathcal{I}} be the associated map on words in the alphabet I\mathcal{I}, and let HkH_k and Ld(logH)\mathfrak{L}_{\geq d}(\log\mathcal{H}) denote the polynomial and lower-degree Lie subspaces used in the paper. Higher nilpotency-class identity conjecture. There exist an integer r0r\geq0, positive rational numbers α1,,αr\alpha_1,\ldots,\alpha_r, and words js=js,1js,2js,ms\boldsymbol{j}_s=j_{s,1}j_{s,2}\cdots j_{s,m_s} in I\mathcal{I}, for s=1,,rs=1,\ldots,r, such that PII(js)Z>0(1,1,,1)\operatorname{PI}^{\mathcal{I}}(\boldsymbol{j}_s)\in\mathbb{Z}_{>0}\cdot(1,1,\ldots,1) and, for all matrices B1,,Bk+1UT(n,Q)B_1,\ldots,B_{k+1}\in\mathsf{UT}(n,\mathbb{Q}) satisfying logBiL1(logH)\log B_i\in\mathfrak{L}_{\geq1}(\log\mathcal{H}) and i=1k+1logBiL2(logH)\sum_{i=1}^{k+1}\log B_i\in\mathfrak{L}_{\geq2}(\log\mathcal{H}),

σSk+1Hk(logBσ(1),,logBσ(k+1))+s=1rαsσSk+1Hk(logBσ(js,1),,logBσ(js,ms))Lk+1(logH)+L2(L2(logH)).\sum_{\sigma\in\operatorname{S}_{k+1}}H_k(\log B_{\sigma(1)},\ldots,\log B_{\sigma(k+1)})+\sum_{s=1}^r\alpha_s\sum_{\sigma\in\operatorname{S}_{k+1}}H_k(\log B_{\sigma(j_{s,1})},\ldots,\log B_{\sigma(j_{s,m_s})}) \in\mathfrak{L}_{\geq k+1}(\log\mathcal{H})+\mathfrak{L}_{\geq2}(\mathfrak{L}_{\geq2}(\log\mathcal{H})).

The conjecture would supply the identities needed to extend the paper's polynomial-time computation of invertible subsets from nilpotency class at most ten to higher nilpotency classes; the authors identify proving the corresponding proposition for k11k\geq11 as the remaining obstacle, and no resolution is given here.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Ruiwen Dong, “The Identity Problem in nilpotent groups of bounded class”, arXiv:2208.02164 (2023).

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