Invariants Heuristics for anti-cyclotomic extensions

Let pp be an odd prime. For an imaginary quadratic field KK in which pp does not split, let Kac/KK_{\mathrm{ac}}/K be the anti-cyclotomic Zp\mathbb{Z}_p-extension and let λ\lambda and μ\mu denote its Iwasawa invariants.

Invariants Heuristics. Among such imaginary quadratic fields, one always has

μ=0,\mu=0,

and the proportion of fields for which λ=0\lambda=0 is at least

(11p)+1p1j1(1pj).\left(1-\frac{1}{p}\right)+\frac{1}{p-1}\prod_{j\geq 1}\left(1-p^{-j}\right).

The claim is proposed from computational evidence and is motivated by the preceding intersection heuristic and known results in the cyclic class-group case; the source does not prove the asserted universal vanishing or the stated lower bound.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Debanjana Kundu and Lawrence C. Washington, “Heuristics for anti-cyclotomic Z_p-extensions”, arXiv:2207.13199 (2023).

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