Iwaniec's conjecture for primes represented by x² + y² + 1

For positive integers NN, let #{pNp=x2+y2+1}\#\{p\leq N\mid p=x^2+y^2+1\} count primes represented by x2+y2+1x^2+y^2+1. Define the constant

C1:=limN#{pN  |  p=x2+y2+1}Nlog3/2N.C_1:=\lim_{N\to\infty}\frac{\#\left\lbrace p\leq N\;\middle|\;p=x^2+y^2+1\right\rbrace}{N\log^{3/2}N}.

Iwaniec's conjecture. The limit exists and equals

C1=12p3mod4(11p2)1/2(11p(p1))0.610534.C_1=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\prod_{p\equiv3\bmod4}\left(1-\frac{1}{p^2}\right)^{-1/2}\left(1-\frac{1}{p(p-1)}\right)\approx0.610534\dots.

This is an amended version of a conjecture attributed in the source to Motohashi. The paper presents numerical evidence, but the asserted asymptotic remains conjectural.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Noam Kimmel, “The Least Common Multiple of a Bivariate Quadratic Sequence”, arXiv:2206.05817 (2023).

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