A uniform upper-bound conjecture for the smoothed pair correlation function

For T3T\ge 3, let L(T)\mathcal{L}(T) and β=β(T)\beta=\beta(T) be non-decreasing continuous functions satisfying

1β(T)log3T,logTL(T)β(T)log2T.1\le \beta(T)\ll \log^3T,\qquad \log T\ll\mathcal{L}(T)\ll\beta(T)\log^2T.

Let W=W(x)W=W(x) be increasing with W(x)(logx)AW(x)\gg(\log x)^A for a sufficiently large constant AA. Let Fβ(x,T)F_\beta(x,T) denote the weighted pair correlation function defined in the paper. Conjecture 1. One expects

Fβ(x,T)TL(T)F_\beta(x,T)\ll T\mathcal{L}(T)

uniformly for W(x)Tx1/2log2xW(x)\ll T\ll x^{1/2}\log^2x.

Any improvement over the trivial bound in this range would improve the Riemann-Hypothesis bound for the prime number theorem error term; the source says there is presently no hope of proving these conjectural estimates.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

D. A. Goldston and Ade Irma Suriajaya, “The Prime Number Theorem and Pair Correlation of Zeros of the Riemann Zeta-Function”, arXiv:2205.06503 (2022).

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