A uniform upper-bound conjecture for the smoothed pair correlation function

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For T≥3T\ge 3, let L(T)\mathcal{L}(T) and β=β(T)\beta=\beta(T) be non-decreasing continuous functions satisfying

1≤β(T)≪log⁡3T,log⁡T≪L(T)≪β(T)log⁡2T.1\le \beta(T)\ll \log^3T,\qquad \log T\ll\mathcal{L}(T)\ll\beta(T)\log^2T.

Let W=W(x)W=W(x) be increasing with W(x)≫(log⁡x)AW(x)\gg(\log x)^A for a sufficiently large constant AA. Let Fβ(x,T)F_\beta(x,T) denote the weighted pair correlation function defined in the paper. Conjecture 1. One expects

Fβ(x,T)≪TL(T)F_\beta(x,T)\ll T\mathcal{L}(T)

uniformly for W(x)≪T≪x1/2log⁡2xW(x)\ll T\ll x^{1/2}\log^2x.

Any improvement over the trivial bound in this range would improve the Riemann-Hypothesis bound for the prime number theorem error term; the source says there is presently no hope of proving these conjectural estimates.

References

Primary source

D. A. Goldston and Ade Irma Suriajaya, “The Prime Number Theorem and Pair Correlation of Zeros of the Riemann Zeta-Function”, arXiv:2205.06503 (2022).

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