Uniform upper-bound conjecture for matrices with a given characteristic polynomial

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Let Rn(H;f)R_n(H;f) denote the number of matrices A∈Mn(Z;H)A\in\mathcal M_n(\mathbb Z;H) with characteristic polynomial f∈Z[X]f\in\mathbb Z[X], where Mn(Z;H)\mathcal M_n(\mathbb Z;H) is the set of n×nn\times n integer matrices whose entries have absolute value at most HH. Uniform upper-bound conjecture. Uniformly over polynomials ff,

Rn(H;f)≤Hn(n−1)/2+o(1)R_n(H;f)\le H^{n(n-1)/2+o(1)}

as H→∞H\to\infty. The conjecture seeks a bound uniform in the coefficients of ff and applies without requiring ff to be irreducible. Existing asymptotic results for irreducible or otherwise restricted characteristic polynomials motivate it, but do not provide the required uniform estimate for arbitrary ff.

References

Primary source

Philipp Habegger, Alina Ostafe and Igor E. Shparlinski, “Integer matrices with a given characteristic polynomial and multiplicative dependence of matrices”, arXiv:2203.03880 (2024).

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