Metricity threshold for the point pair function outside the unit ball

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Let Bn\mathbb{B}^n be the unit ball in Rn\mathbb{R}^n, and let pRn\B‾nαp^\alpha_{\mathbb{R}^n\backslash\overline{\mathbb{B}}^n} be the function

pRn\B‾nα(x,y)=∣x−y∣∣x−y∣2+α(∣x∣−1)(∣y∣−1).p^\alpha_{\mathbb{R}^n\backslash\overline{\mathbb{B}}^n}(x,y)=\frac{|x-y|}{\sqrt{|x-y|^2+\alpha(|x|-1)(|y|-1)}}.

Metricity conjecture. For a constant α>0\alpha>0, this function, defined for x,y∈Rn\B‾nx,y\in\mathbb{R}^n\backslash\overline{\mathbb{B}}^n and n≥2n\geq2, is a metric if and only if α≤12\alpha\leq12. The threshold 1212 is proposed on the basis of numerical tests; its validity remains open.

References

Primary source

Dina Dautova, Semen Nasyrov, Oona Rainio and Matti Vuorinen, “Metrics and quasimetrics induced by point pair function”, arXiv:2202.08518 (2023).

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