Periodic ABC arrangement conjecture for the ternary long-range Ising model

Consider a one-dimensional periodic cell containing nn balls of each type AA, BB, and CC, with positive radii parameters ωi\omega_i satisfying iωi=1\sum_i\omega_i=1, and let [fij][f_{ij}] be an admissible interaction strength matrix. Denote by UU the total pairwise electrostatic potential energy. Periodic ABC arrangement conjecture. For every admissible matrix [fij][f_{ij}] and every positive collection {ωi}\{\omega_i\} with iωi=1\sum_i\omega_i=1, the periodic arrangement

ABCABCABC\,\cdots\,ABC

that is, ikk(mod3)i_k\equiv k\pmod 3, minimizes UU. This is a proposed ground-state characterization for the ternary one-dimensional long-range Ising model. The supplied text does not give a proof or resolution, and the precise meaning of admissibility is deferred to the paper's earlier conditions.

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Primary source

Zirui Xu and Qiang Du, “On the Ternary Ohta-Kawasaki Free Energy and Its One-dimensional Global Minimizers”, arXiv:2111.09877 (2022).

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