Coefficient factorization conjecture for Weierstrass atomic inflection polynomials

Let n=2n=2\ell, assume that the characteristic of FF is zero or sufficiently positive, and let Pm,P^{\ell,*}_m be the atomic inflection polynomial of the Weierstrass pencil yn=x3+λx+2y^n=x^3+\lambda x+2, in coordinates centered at (1,3)(1,-3). Write [(i,j)]Pm,[(i,j)]P^{\ell,*}_m for the coefficient of the corresponding monomial, and let (u)r(u)_r and ((u))r((u))^r denote the factorial-type factors used in the source. Weierstrass coefficient factorization conjecture. For m=2km=2k, k3k\geq3, and j=1,,k2j=1,\ldots,k-2, the stated coefficients equal cj,k(u)k((2u2k+1))jc_{j,k}(u)_k((2u-2k+1))^j, with cj,k=3j+k(2j+1)(kj)!i=1ji(2i+1)c_{j,k}=\frac{3^{j+k}(2j+1)}{(k-j)!\prod_{i=1}^j i(2i+1)}; for m=2k+1m=2k+1, they equal dj,k(u)k+1((2u2k+1))jd_{j,k}(u)_{k+1}((2u-2k+1))^j, with dj,k=23j+k+1(kj)!i=1ji(2i+1)d_{j,k}=\frac{2\cdot3^{j+k+1}}{(k-j)!\prod_{i=1}^j i(2i+1)}. The preceding discussion presents these coefficient formulas as an expected pattern, and no proof or resolution is supplied.

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Primary source

Ethan Cotterill, Ignacio Darago, Cristhian Garay López, Changho Han and Tony Shaska, “Arithmetic inflection of superelliptic curves”, arXiv:2110.04813 (2024).

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