Catlin's conjecture on rational approximations

Let Δ1,Δ2,0\Delta_1,\Delta_2,\dots\geqslant0, define

Δq=supm1Δqm,\Delta_q'=\sup_{m\geqslant1}\Delta_{qm},

and let CACA be the set of x[0,1]x\in[0,1] for which xa/q<Δq|x-a/q|<\Delta_q holds for infinitely many pairs (a,q)Z×N(a,q)\in\mathbb{Z}\times\mathbb{N}. Let φ\varphi be Euler's totient function. Catlin's conjecture. If

q=1φ(q)Δq<,\sum_{q=1}^\infty \varphi(q)\Delta_q'<\infty,

then meas(CA)=0\operatorname{meas}(CA)=0, while if

q=1φ(q)Δq=,\sum_{q=1}^\infty \varphi(q)\Delta_q'=\infty,

then meas(CA)=1\operatorname{meas}(CA)=1. Catlin's conjecture gives the expected generalization of Khinchin's theorem when non-reduced fractions are allowed. The source presents it as a conjecture following the Duffin–Schaeffer conjecture.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Dimitris Koukoulopoulos, “Rational approximations of irrational numbers”, arXiv:2109.11003 (2022).

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