Romik's conjecture on the p-adic properties of the sequence d(n)

From papers

Let d(n)d(n) be the integer sequence defined by

(1w)1/2θ3(i+wi1w)=θ3(i)n=0d(n)(2n)!(γ(1/4)48π22w)2n,w<1,(1-w)^{-1/2}\theta_3\left(\frac{i+wi}{1-w}\right)=\theta_3(i)\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{d(n)}{(2n)!}\left(\frac{\gamma(1/4)^4}{8\pi^2\sqrt{2}}w\right)^{2n},\qquad |w|<1,

where θ3(z):=n=eπin2z\theta_3(z):=\sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty}e^{\pi i n^2z}. Romik's conjecture. Let pp be an odd prime. Then:

  1. If p3(mod4)p\equiv3\pmod 4, then d(n)0(modp)d(n)\equiv0\pmod p for sufficiently large nn.
  2. If p1(mod4)p\equiv1\pmod 4, the sequence {d(n)(modp)}n=0\{d(n)\pmod p\}_{n=0}^{\infty} is periodic.
  3. If p3(mod4)p\equiv3\pmod 4 and m2m\ge2, then d(n)0(modpm)d(n)\equiv0\pmod {p^m} for sufficiently large nn.
  4. If p1(mod4)p\equiv1\pmod 4 and m2m\ge2, the sequence {d(n)(modpm)}n=0\{d(n)\pmod {p^m}\}_{n=0}^{\infty} is periodic.

These assertions describe the expected eventual vanishing or periodicity of the Taylor coefficients modulo powers of odd primes, extending the known integrality of d(n)d(n). The conjecture is attributed to Romik and is presented here as open.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Jigu Kim and Yoonjin Lee, “p-adic Properties for Taylor Coefficients of Half-integral Weight Modular Forms on Γ_1(4)”, arXiv:2109.08778 (2022).

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