Asymptotic formula for the meromorphic 3D-index

Let MM be a one-cusped hyperbolic 3-manifold, let M^\hat M be its end compactification, and let Xgeo\mathcal{X}^{\mathrm{geo}} be the relevant set of conjugacy classes of geometric-obstruction representations. For a non-real conjugate pair {[ρ],[ρ]}\{[\rho],[\overline\rho]\}, let zz be an associated algebraic solution, τ(z)\tau(z) its amplitude, and Vol(ρ)=Vol(ρ)\operatorname{Vol}(\rho)=-\operatorname{Vol}(\overline\rho) its algebraic volume. Main conjecture. As 1/=κ+-1/\hbar=\kappa\to+\infty,

IM,(0,0)()=H1(M^;F2)(β(M)κ+8π{[ρ],[ρ]}XgeoXRgeoτ(z)κcos(κVol(ρ)+π4(N+N+Σ(ω))))+o(1).\begin{aligned} \mathcal{I}_{M,(0,0)}(\hbar)&=|H_1(\hat M;\mathbb F_2)|\Biggl(\beta(M)\kappa+\sqrt{8\pi}\sum_{\{[\rho],[\overline\rho]\}\subset\mathcal{X}^{\mathrm{geo}}\setminus\mathcal{X}^{\mathrm{geo}}_\mathbb{R}}\tau(z)\sqrt{\kappa}\\ &\qquad\qquad\cdot\cos\Bigl(\kappa\operatorname{Vol}(\rho)+\tfrac{\pi}{4}(N_+-N_-+\Sigma(\omega))\Bigr)\Biggr)+o(1). \end{aligned}

Here β(M)\beta(M) is the beta invariant, N+N_+ and NN_- count positively and negatively oriented tetrahedra, and Σ(ω)\Sigma(\omega) is the Hessian signature. The conjecture predicts the full oscillatory asymptotic expansion of the meromorphic 3D-index; the source presents it as the Main Conjecture and gives no resolution evidence.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Craig D. Hodgson, Andrew J. Kricker and Rafał M. Siejakowski, “On the asymptotics of the meromorphic 3D-index”, arXiv:2109.05355 (2025).

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