The multiplicative 1-2-3 Conjecture for multiset-proper edge-labellings

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Let GG be a graph. A graph is nice if none of its connected components is isomorphic to K2K_2, and let χM(G)\chi_{\rm M}(G) be the smallest k≥1k\geq 1 for which GG has an m-proper kk-labelling, meaning an edge-labelling from {1,…,k}\{1,\dots,k\} whose incident-label multisets give different values at the ends of every edge.

The multiplicative 1-2-3 Conjecture for multisets. If GG is a nice graph, then

χM(G)≤3.\chi_{\rm M}(G)\leq 3.

This is the multiset counterpart of the original 1-2-3 Conjecture, raised by Addario-Berry, Aldred, Dalal and Reed. Its resolution status is not specified in the supplied material.

References

Primary source

Julien Bensmail, Hervé Hocquard, Dimitri Lajou and Éric Sopena, “A proof of the Multiplicative 1-2-3 Conjecture”, arXiv:2108.10554 (2022).

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