Arnold's filtered invariants conjecture for spherical curves

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Let J++2StJ^+ + 2 St be the Arnold invariant of spherical curves, and let CC be an immersion S1→S2S^1 \to S^2. For each i≥0i\geq 0, let EiE_i be an invariant of such immersions.

Arnold's conjecture. There exists a sequence of invariants {Ei}i≥0\{E_i\}_{i\geq 0} with E0=J++2StE_0=J^+ + 2 St such that

{C∣E0(C)=0}⊃{C∣E1(C)=0}⊃{C∣E2(C)=0}⊃⋯ .\{C\mid E_0(C)=0\}\supset \{C\mid E_1(C)=0\}\supset \{C\mid E_2(C)=0\}\supset\cdots.

This conjecture seeks a filtered sequence of invariants for plane or spherical curves, analogous to the filtration by Vassiliev-type invariants and extending Arnold's invariant. The supplied source does not state whether the conjecture has been resolved.

References

Primary source

Noboru Ito and Yusuke Takimura, “Any nontrivial knot projection with no triple chords has a monogon or a bigon”, arXiv:2108.10133 (2021).

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