Tsai's newform conjecture for generic representations of split odd special orthogonal groups

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Let Gn=SO2n+1G_n={\rm SO}_{2n+1} be the split odd special orthogonal group of rank n≥1n\geq 1 over FF, let Un⊂GnU_n\subset G_n be its upper triangular maximal unipotent subgroup, and let (π,Vπ)(\pi,\mathcal V_\pi) be an irreducible smooth generic representation of Gn(F)G_n(F). Fix an additive character ψ\psi of FF with ker⁡(ψ)=o\ker(\psi)=\mathfrak{o}, a corresponding non-degenerate character ψUn\psi_{U_n}, and a nonzero Whittaker functional Λπ,ψ∈HomUn(F)(π,ψUn)\Lambda_{\pi,\psi}\in {\rm Hom}_{U_n(F)}(\pi,\psi_{U_n}). Let ϕπ\phi_\pi be the LL-parameter attached to π\pi, and write the epsilon factor associated to its composition with LGn0(C)=Sp2n(C)↪GL2n(C){}^LG_n^0(\mathbb C)={\rm Sp}_{2n}(\mathbb C)\hookrightarrow {\rm GL}_{2n}(\mathbb C) as

ϵ(s,ϕπ,ψ)=επq−aπ(s−12),\epsilon(s,\phi_\pi,\psi)=\varepsilon_\pi q^{-a_\pi(s-\genfrac{}{}{}{}{1}{2})},

where επ∈{±1}\varepsilon_\pi\in\{\pm1\} and aπ≥0a_\pi\geq 0. For the subgroups Kn,m⊂Gn(F)K_{n,m}\subset G_n(F) and Jn,mJ_{n,m} used in the newform theory, Tsai's newform conjecture. For every m≥0m\geq 0,

dim⁡CVπKn,m=(n+⌊m−aπ2⌋n)+(n+⌊m−aπ+12⌋−1n).\dim_\mathbb C\mathcal V_\pi^{K_{n,m}}=\genfrac{(}{)}{0pt}{}{n+\left\lfloor\genfrac{}{}{}{}{m-a_\pi}{2}\right\rfloor}{n}+\genfrac{(}{)}{0pt}{}{n+\left\lfloor\genfrac{}{}{}{}{m-a_\pi+1}{2}\right\rfloor-1}{n}.

In particular, VπKn,m=0\mathcal V_\pi^{K_{n,m}}=0 if 0≤m<aπ0\leq m<a_\pi, and VπKn,aπ\mathcal V_\pi^{K_{n,a_\pi}} is one-dimensional; the action of Jn,aπ/Kn,aπJ_{n,a_\pi}/K_{n,a_\pi} on VπKn,aπ\mathcal V_\pi^{K_{n,a_\pi}} gives επ\varepsilon_\pi; and Λπ,ψ\Lambda_{\pi,\psi} is nontrivial on VπKn,aπ\mathcal V_\pi^{K_{n,a_\pi}}. This conjecture predicts the dimensions and arithmetic character of newform and oldform spaces, as well as the nonvanishing of the Whittaker functional on the newform space; its status is not resolved in the supplied source context.

References

Primary source

Yao Cheng, “Rankin-Selberg integrals for SO_2n+1GL_r attached to Newforms and Oldforms”, arXiv:2106.12267 (2022).

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