Critical-locus conjecture for Borel Hilbert-scheme neighborhoods

Let λ\lambda be a 33-dimensional partition of nn such that IλI_{\lambda} is a Borel ideal of k[X1,X2,X3]\Bbbk[X_1,X_2,X_3]. Let ZIZ_I be the corresponding point of Hilbn(A3)\operatorname{Hilb}^n(\mathbb{A}^3), and let AλA_{\lambda} be the coordinate ring of its Haiman neighborhood. Then there exists a regular function FλF_{\lambda} on the tangent space of Hilbn(A3)\operatorname{Hilb}^n(\mathbb{A}^3) at ZIZ_I such that Spec(Aλ)\operatorname{Spec}(A_{\lambda}) is isomorphic to the critical locus of FλF_{\lambda}.

Critical-locus conjecture. The Haiman neighborhood of every such Borel monomial ideal is a critical locus in the stated tangent space.

The paper states that this holds for n7n\leq7 and for pyramids, but it remains open in general. The conjecture would give a uniform critical-locus description of neighborhoods in the Hilbert scheme of points on A3\mathbb{A}^3.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Xiaowen Hu, “On singular Hilbert schemes of points: Local structures and tautological sheaves”, arXiv:2101.05236 (2025).

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