q-gamma positivity conjecture for alternating Eulerian polynomials

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Let Sn\mathfrak{S}_n be the symmetric group, and let altdes⁡(π)\operatorname{altdes}(\pi) and altmaj⁡(π)\operatorname{altmaj}(\pi) denote the alternating descent number and alternating major index of π∈Sn\pi\in\mathfrak{S}_n. Define the bivariate alternating Eulerian polynomial by

A^n(t,q)=∑π∈Sntaltdes⁡(π)qaltmaj⁡(π).\widehat{A}_n(t,q)=\sum_{\pi\in\mathfrak{S}_n}t^{\operatorname{altdes}(\pi)}q^{\operatorname{altmaj}(\pi)}.

q-gamma positivity conjecture. The polynomial A^n(t,q)\widehat{A}_n(t,q) has the expansion

∑π∈Sntaltdes⁡(π)qaltmaj⁡(π)=∑k=0⌊(n−1)/2⌋γ^n,k(q)q(k+12)(−t)k∏i=k+1n−1−k(1+tqi),\sum_{\pi\in\mathfrak{S}_n}t^{\operatorname{altdes}(\pi)}q^{\operatorname{altmaj}(\pi)}=\sum_{k=0}^{\lfloor(n-1)/2\rfloor}\widehat{\gamma}_{n,k}(q)q^{\binom{k+1}{2}}(-t)^k\prod_{i=k+1}^{n-1-k}(1+tq^i),

where γ^n,k(q)∈N[q]\widehat{\gamma}_{n,k}(q)\in\mathbb{N}[q] and (1+q)k(1+q)^k divides γ^n,k(q)\widehat{\gamma}_{n,k}(q). This is presented as an alternating analogue of the known qq-γ\gamma-positivity expansion for Eulerian--Mahonian polynomials; the claimed coefficient positivity and divisibility are not established in the supplied text.

References

Primary source

Zhicong Lin, Shi-Mei Ma, David G. L. Wang and Liuquan Wang, “Positivity and divisibility of alternating descent polynomials”, arXiv:2011.02685 (2020).

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