The versal Breuil–Mézard conjecture

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Let K/QpK/\mathbb{Q}_p be a finite extension, let ρ‾:GK→GL⁡n(F)\overline{\rho}:G_K\rightarrow\operatorname{GL}_n(\mathbb{F}) be continuous, and regard ρ‾\overline{\rho} as an F\mathbb{F}-point of the Emerton–Gee stack Xn\mathcal{X}_n. Fix a versal ring Rρ‾verR_{\overline{\rho}}^{\mathrm{ver}} and let Rρ‾algR_{\overline{\rho}}^{\mathrm{alg}} be the induced ring for the reduced stack. For an extremal type (λ+η,τ)(\lambda+\eta,\tau), let Zλ,τ(ρ‾)\mathcal{Z}_{\lambda,\tau}(\overline{\rho}) be the pullback cycle in Spec⁡Rρ‾alg\operatorname{Spec}R_{\overline{\rho}}^{\mathrm{alg}}. Versal Breuil–Mézard conjecture. For every set S\mathcal{S} of extremal types and every σ∈JH(σ‾(S))\sigma\in\mathrm{JH}(\overline{\sigma}(\mathcal{S})), there exist effective cycles Zσ(ρ‾)\mathcal{Z}_\sigma(\overline{\rho}) in Spec⁡Rρ‾alg\operatorname{Spec}R_{\overline{\rho}}^{\mathrm{alg}} such that, for all (λ+η,τ)∈S(\lambda+\eta,\tau)\in\mathcal{S},

Zλ,τ(ρ‾)=∑σ[σ‾(λ,τ):σ]Zσ(ρ‾).\mathcal{Z}_{\lambda,\tau}(\overline{\rho})=\sum_\sigma[\overline{\sigma}(\lambda,\tau):\sigma]\mathcal{Z}_\sigma(\overline{\rho}).

This is the local, versal-ring realization of the geometric Breuil–Mézard formula and relates stack-theoretic cycles to deformation rings at individual residual representations.

References

Primary source

Daniel Le, Bao V. Le Hung, Brandon Levin and Stefano Morra, “Local models for Galois deformation rings and applications”, arXiv:2007.05398 (2022).

Progress summary

Refreshed
Open

Partial versions of the conjecture are proved in several restricted settings, but the general local statement remains open.

The conjecture asks for effective cycles on the versal deformation ring of each residual Galois representation, uniformly realizing the geometric Breuil–Mézard multiplicity formulas. The catalogue source reported no resolution as of July 2020.

Known results

  • Two-dimensional potentially Barsotti–Tate representations: effective cycles and the corresponding deformation-ring identity are proved, with transfer between Emerton–Gee stacks via versal-ring comparison.
  • For GSp4\mathrm{GSp}_4, a geometric statement is proved under genericity assumptions in the tamely potentially crystalline setting, including cycles on versal rings.
  • New two-dimensional crystalline cases with bounded Hodge type are established.
  • For GG-crystalline representations, one direction of Breuil–Mézard is proved: Galois multiplicities are bounded by automorphic multiplicities.

Current status (as of September 2026): The full versal Breuil–Mézard conjecture remains open; only restricted cases and one-sided results are recorded, with no verified general proof or counterexample.

Sources

Solutions 0

No solutions have been posted yet.