Popov criterion conjecture for the scalar heat equation

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Let β(θ)\beta(\theta) be defined for θ∈(0,1)\theta\in(0,1) by

β(θ)=−1Gθ(iω1(θ)).\beta(\theta)=-\frac{1}{G_{\theta}(i\omega_1(\theta))}.

For a given θ\theta, let q(θ)>0q(\theta)>0 be the quantity specified by the slope-direction formula. Popov criterion conjecture. For every β∈(0,β(θ)]\beta\in(0,\beta(\theta)], the pair (β,q(θ))(\beta,q(\theta)) satisfies

Re⁡[Gθ(iω)]−q(θ)ωIm⁡[Gθ(iω)]≥−1β\operatorname{Re}\bigl[G_{\theta}(i\omega)\bigr]-q(\theta)\omega\operatorname{Im}\bigl[G_{\theta}(i\omega)\bigr]\geq-\frac{1}{\beta}

for every ω∈R∖{0}\omega\in\mathbb{R}\setminus\{0\}. This conjecture asserts the Popov criterion throughout the indicated parameter interval; the source presents it without a proof and supports it by the stated analytical framework.

References

Primary source

Patrick Guidotti and Sandro Merino, “On Wiener's Violent Oscillations, Popov's curves and Hopf's Supercritical Bifurcation for a Scalar Heat Equation”, arXiv:2007.04958 (2020).

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