Nilsequence structure conjecture for Hardy-field multicorrelations

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Let f1,…,fkf_1,\ldots,f_k be functions of polynomial growth from a Hardy field, let WW be a compatible weight, and let (X,B,μ,T)(X,\mathcal{B},\mu,T) be an invertible measure-preserving system. For h0,…,hk∈L∞(X)h_0,\ldots,h_k\in L^\infty(X), define

α(n)=∫Xh0⋅T⌊f1(n)⌋h1⋯T⌊fk(n)⌋hk dμ.\alpha(n)=\int_X h_0\cdot T^{\lfloor f_1(n)\rfloor}h_1\cdots T^{\lfloor f_k(n)\rfloor}h_k\,\mathrm{d}\mu.

Nilsequence structure conjecture. There exist a nilmanifold Y=G/ΓY=G/\Gamma, a continuous function F∈C(Y)F\in C(Y), a point y∈Yy\in Y, elements a1,…,ak∈Ga_1,\ldots,a_k\in G, and a sequence ν(n)\nu(n) such that

α(n)=F(a1⌊f1(n)⌋⋯ak⌊fk(n)⌋y)+ν(n),\alpha(n)=F\left(a_1^{\lfloor f_1(n)\rfloor}\cdots a_k^{\lfloor f_k(n)\rfloor}y\right)+\nu(n),

for n∈Nn\in\mathbb{N}, and

lim⁡N→∞1W(N)∑n=1Nw(n)∣ν(n)∣=0.\lim_{N\to\infty}\frac{1}{W(N)}\sum_{n=1}^Nw(n)|\nu(n)|=0.

This would give a nilmanifold model for multicorrelation sequences up to a negligible weighted error; the source states it as a conjecture and supplies no resolution.

References

Primary source

Vitaly Bergelson, Joel Moreira and Florian K. Richter, “Multiple ergodic averages along functions from a Hardy field: convergence, recurrence and combinatorial applications”, arXiv:2006.03558 (2026).

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