The Graovac-Ghorbani index upper-bound conjecture for bicyclic graphs

Let Bn\mathcal{B}'_n be the family of all bicyclic graphs on nn vertices, and let GBnG\in\mathcal{B}'_n have order n8n\geq 8. The Graovac-Ghorbani atom-bond connectivity index is denoted by ABCGG(G)ABC_{GG}(G). Let HH be the graph obtained by adding n4n-4 pendant vertices to one degree-33 vertex of K4K_4 with one edge removed. Upper-bound conjecture.

ABCGG(G)(n4)n2n1+n4n3+2n3n2+22.ABC_{GG}(G)\leq (n-4)\sqrt{\frac{n-2}{n-1}}+\sqrt{\frac{n-4}{n-3}}+2\sqrt{\frac{n-3}{n-2}}+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}.

Equality holds if and only if GG is isomorphic to HH. Computational experiments suggest that this graph gives the maximum of the index among all bicyclic graphs for n8n\geq 8.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Diego Pacheco, Leonardo de Lima and Carla Silva Oliveira, “On the Graovac-Ghorbani index for bicyclic graphs with no pendant vertices”, arXiv:2005.02141 (2020).

Additional references

2 papers in this index state this conjecture (2016–2020). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:1609.01406.

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