Multidimensional branching Brownian motion extremal process conjecture

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Let d≥1d\geq 1, let Nt\mathcal{N}_t be the particles at time tt, and let Xt(u)∈RdX_t(u)\in\mathbb{R}^d be the position of particle uu. Define

rt=2t+d−422log⁡tr_t=\sqrt{2}t+\frac{d-4}{2\sqrt{2}}\log t

and, for u∈Ntu\in\mathcal{N}_t, define its direction by Dt(u)=Xt(u)/∣Xt(u)∣D_t(u)=X_t(u)/\\|X_t(u)\\|. Let Z∞(θ)Z_\infty(\theta) be the limiting derivative-martingale measure density on Sd−1\mathbb{S}^{d-1}, and let σ\sigma denote surface measure on Sd−1\mathbb{S}^{d-1}. Multidimensional extremal process conjecture. There exists cd⋆>0c_d^\star>0 such that

lim⁡t→∞∑u∈Ntδ(Dt(u),∣Xt(u)∣−rt)=L(dθ,dx)in law,\lim_{t\to\infty}\sum_{u\in\mathcal{N}_t}\delta_{(D_t(u),\\|X_t(u)\\|-r_t)}=\mathcal{L}(\mathrm{d}\theta,\mathrm{d}x)\quad\text{in law},

where L\mathcal{L} is a decorated Poisson point process: if (θj,ξj)j≥1(\theta_j,\xi_j)_{j\geq 1} are the atoms of a Poisson point process with intensity

cd⋆Z∞(θ),σ(dθ)e−2x,dx,c_d^\star Z_\infty(\theta)\\,\sigma(\mathrm{d}\theta)e^{-\sqrt{2}x}\\,\mathrm{d}x,

and (Dj)j≥1(D_j)_{j\geq 1} are independent identically distributed point processes on R\mathbb{R} with common distribution D\mathcal{D}, then

L=∑j≥1∑x∈Djδ(θj,ξj+x).\mathcal{L}=\sum_{j\geq 1}\sum_{x\in D_j}\delta_{(\theta_j,\xi_j+x)}.

This conjecture predicts the full extremal point process of multidimensional branching Brownian motion and, in particular, the asymptotic behaviour of the derivative martingale. It is a multidimensional analogue of known descriptions for one-dimensional branching Brownian motion, while the convergence and the decorated Poisson structure in the multidimensional setting remain to be proved.

References

Primary source

Roman Stasiński, Julien Berestycki and Bastien Mallein, “Derivative martingale of the branching Brownian motion in dimension d 1”, arXiv:2004.00162 (2020).

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