Multidimensional branching Brownian motion extremal process conjecture

Let d1d\geq 1, let Nt\mathcal{N}_t be the particles at time tt, and let Xt(u)RdX_t(u)\in\mathbb{R}^d be the position of particle uu. Define

rt=2t+d422logtr_t=\sqrt{2}t+\frac{d-4}{2\sqrt{2}}\log t

and, for uNtu\in\mathcal{N}_t, define its direction by Dt(u)=Xt(u)/Xt(u)D_t(u)=X_t(u)/\\|X_t(u)\\|. Let Z(θ)Z_\infty(\theta) be the limiting derivative-martingale measure density on Sd1\mathbb{S}^{d-1}, and let σ\sigma denote surface measure on Sd1\mathbb{S}^{d-1}. Multidimensional extremal process conjecture. There exists cd>0c_d^\star>0 such that

limtuNtδ(Dt(u),Xt(u)rt)=L(dθ,dx)in law,\lim_{t\to\infty}\sum_{u\in\mathcal{N}_t}\delta_{(D_t(u),\\|X_t(u)\\|-r_t)}=\mathcal{L}(\mathrm{d}\theta,\mathrm{d}x)\quad\text{in law},

where L\mathcal{L} is a decorated Poisson point process: if (θj,ξj)j1(\theta_j,\xi_j)_{j\geq 1} are the atoms of a Poisson point process with intensity

cdZ(θ),σ(dθ)e2x,dx,c_d^\star Z_\infty(\theta)\\,\sigma(\mathrm{d}\theta)e^{-\sqrt{2}x}\\,\mathrm{d}x,

and (Dj)j1(D_j)_{j\geq 1} are independent identically distributed point processes on R\mathbb{R} with common distribution D\mathcal{D}, then

L=j1xDjδ(θj,ξj+x).\mathcal{L}=\sum_{j\geq 1}\sum_{x\in D_j}\delta_{(\theta_j,\xi_j+x)}.

This conjecture predicts the full extremal point process of multidimensional branching Brownian motion and, in particular, the asymptotic behaviour of the derivative martingale. It is a multidimensional analogue of known descriptions for one-dimensional branching Brownian motion, while the convergence and the decorated Poisson structure in the multidimensional setting remain to be proved.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Roman Stasiński, Julien Berestycki and Bastien Mallein, “Derivative martingale of the branching Brownian motion in dimension d 1”, arXiv:2004.00162 (2020).

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