Partition regularity of the exceptional linear–quadratic equation

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Let a,b,ca,b,c be non-zero integers, and consider the Diophantine equation

a(x12−x22)=by2+cz.a(x_1^2-x_2^2)=by^2+cz.

Partition-regularity conjecture. For every choice of non-zero integers a,b,ca,b,c, this equation is partition regular.

This is the sole exceptional case not covered by the paper's linear–quadratic partition-regularity theorem. The authors state that their lack of knowledge of this case is an artefact of their methods and believe that the cited criterion gives the correct characterisation.

References

Primary source

Sean Prendiville, “Counting monochromatic solutions to diagonal Diophantine equations”, arXiv:2003.10161 (2021).

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