Heuristic for counting elliptic curves with prescribed level structures

Let Z1,Q[Γ](B)\mathcal{Z}_{1,\mathbb{Q}}^{[\Gamma]}(\mathcal{B}) count generalized elliptic curves with [Γ][\Gamma]-structures over Z\mathbb{Z} ordered by 0<ht(Δ1)B0<\operatorname{ht}(\Delta_1)\leq\mathcal{B}. Heuristic for elliptic curves with level structures. The following asymptotic-tightness estimates are expected:

Z1,Q[Γ1(2)](B)O(1)aB12+b,Z1,Q[Γ1(3)](B)O(1)aB13+b,Z1,Q[Γ1(4)](B)O(1)aB14+b,Z1,Q[Γ(2)](B)O(1)aB13+b.\begin{aligned} \mathcal{Z}_{1,\mathbb{Q}}^{[\Gamma_1(2)]}(\mathcal{B})&\sim_{\mathcal{O}(1)}a\mathcal{B}^{\frac12}+b,\\ \mathcal{Z}_{1,\mathbb{Q}}^{[\Gamma_1(3)]}(\mathcal{B})&\sim_{\mathcal{O}(1)}a\mathcal{B}^{\frac13}+b,\\ \mathcal{Z}_{1,\mathbb{Q}}^{[\Gamma_1(4)]}(\mathcal{B})&\sim_{\mathcal{O}(1)}a\mathcal{B}^{\frac14}+b,\\ \mathcal{Z}_{1,\mathbb{Q}}^{[\Gamma(2)]}(\mathcal{B})&\sim_{\mathcal{O}(1)}a\mathcal{B}^{\frac13}+b. \end{aligned}

These estimates arise in the appendix from finite-field counting results and the global-fields analogy; the source gives no resolution.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Changho Han and Jun-Yong Park, “Enumerating odd-degree hyperelliptic curves and abelian surfaces over P^1”, arXiv:2002.00563 (2022).

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