Discreteness conjecture for non-even p-frame energy minimizers

Let p>0p>0 with p2Np\notin 2\mathbb N, and let μ\mu be a probability measure on Sd1\mathbb S^{d-1}. Its pp-frame energy is

If(μ)=Sd1Sd1x,ypdμ(x)dμ(y).I_f(\mu)=\int_{\mathbb S^{d-1}}\int_{\mathbb S^{d-1}}|\langle x,y\rangle|^p\,d\mu(x)d\mu(y).

A finite discrete measure is a measure supported on finitely many points. Discreteness conjecture. Every minimizer of IfI_f is a finite discrete measure on Sd1\mathbb S^{d-1}. For even integer pp, continuous and discrete minimizers are plentiful, whereas for non-even pp the asserted discreteness is supported by results for tight designs and numerical evidence; the conjecture remains open in general.

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Primary source

Dmitriy Bilyk, Alexey Glazyrin, Ryan Matzke, Josiah Park and Oleksandr Vlasiuk, “Energy on spheres and discreteness of minimizing measures”, arXiv:1908.10354 (2019).

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