Weak moderate deviations for the halo volume

Let RR satisfy R(2,12L)R\in(2,\frac12L), and let BRB_R be the disc of radius RR, with halo volume V(γ)V(\gamma) under the probability measure μβ\mu_\beta. Write I(BR)I(B_R) for the halo rate function evaluated at BRB_R. There exists a function ΨR ⁣:RR\Psi_R\colon\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R} such that

lim supβ1β1/3log{eβI(BR)μβ(β2/3[V(γ)πR2]K)}supKΨR\limsup_{\beta\to\infty}\frac{1}{\beta^{1/3}}\log\left\{\mathrm{e}^{\beta I(B_R)}\mu_\beta\left(\beta^{2/3}\left[V(\gamma)-\pi R^2\right]\in K\right)\right\}\leq\sup_K\Psi_R

for every compact KRK\subset\mathbb{R}, and

lim infβ1β1/3log{eβI(BR)μβ(β2/3[V(γ)πR2]O)}supOΨR\liminf_{\beta\to\infty}\frac{1}{\beta^{1/3}}\log\left\{\mathrm{e}^{\beta I(B_R)}\mu_\beta\left(\beta^{2/3}\left[V(\gamma)-\pi R^2\right]\in O\right)\right\}\geq\sup_O\Psi_R

for every open ORO\subset\mathbb{R}. This weak moderate deviation principle refines the large deviation principle near a droplet of radius RR by describing fluctuations of the halo volume on the β2/3\beta^{-2/3} scale after removal of the leading exponential cost.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Frank den Hollander, Sabine Jansen, Roman Kotecký and Elena Pulvirenti, “The Widom-Rowlinson model: Mesoscopic fluctuations for the critical droplet”, arXiv:1907.00453 (2026).

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