Zhai–Shu–Hong conjecture on the Laplacian spread

From papers

Let GG be a graph of order n2n\geq 2, and let μ1(G)μn1(G)\mu_1(G)\geq\cdots\geq\mu_{n-1}(G) be its Laplacian eigenvalues. The Laplacian spread is μ1(G)μn1(G)\mu_1(G)-\mu_{n-1}(G). Zhai–Shu–Hong conjecture.

μ1(G)μn1(G)n1,\mu_1(G)-\mu_{n-1}(G)\leq n-1,

with equality if and only if GG or G\overline{G} is isomorphic to the join of an isolated vertex and a disconnected graph of order n1n-1.

This is a Nordhaus–Gaddum-type spectral conjecture about the extremal spread of the Laplacian eigenvalues. The source attributes it to Zhai, Shu and Hong, with related attribution to You and Liu, and does not state a resolution.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Xueyi Huang and Huiqiu Lin, “Signless Laplacian eigenvalue problems of Nordhaus-Gaddum type”, arXiv:1904.13225 (2019).

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