Emergence of the renormalized Gibbs measure

Let d=2,3d=2,3, h=Δ+κ>0h=-\Delta+\kappa>0, and 0w^1(2πZd)0\leqslant \widehat w\in \ell^1(2\pi\mathbb{Z}^d). Let ν\nu be as in the definition of the adjusted chemical potential, and consider the Gibbs state Γλ=ZλeHλ/T\Gamma_\lambda=\mathcal{Z}_\lambda e^{-\mathbb{H}_\lambda/T} with

Hλ=Ωax(Δν)axdx+λ2Ω×Ωaxayw(xy)axaydxdy.\mathbb{H}_\lambda=\int_{\Omega}a_x^*(-\Delta-\nu)a_x\,dx+\frac{\lambda}{2}\iint_{\Omega\times\Omega}a_x^*a_y^*w(x-y)a_xa_y\,dx\,dy.

Emergence of the renormalized Gibbs measure. In the limit λ=T10\lambda=T^{-1}\to0, one obtains the renormalized Gibbs measure in the sense that

Trk!TkΓλ(k)ukukdμ(u)p0,\operatorname{Tr}\left|\frac{k!}{T^k}\Gamma_\lambda^{(k)}-\int |u^{\otimes k}\rangle\langle u^{\otimes k}|\,d\mu(u)\right|^p\to0,

for every k1k\geqslant1 and every p>d/2p>d/2. Here μ\mu is the renormalized classical Gibbs measure associated with the preceding definition of the renormalized interaction. This conjectural quantum-classical correspondence predicts convergence of all reduced density matrices in the stated Schatten classes, but the supplied text does not indicate whether it has been proved or remains open.

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Primary source

Mathieu Lewin, Phan Thành Nam and Nicolas Rougerie, “Derivation of renormalized Gibbs measures from equilibrium many-body quantum Bose gases”, arXiv:1903.01271 (2019).

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