Conjecture on the limiting distribution of normalized Alexander-polynomial logarithms

Let KK be the knot produced by the interface curve in a three-dimensional three-colour percolation cube of size NN, and let ΔK\Delta_K denote its Alexander polynomial. Define

YN=logΔK(1),ZN=logΔK(i).Y_N=\log\left|\Delta_K(-1)\right|,\qquad Z_N=\log\left|\Delta_K(i)\right|.

For t{1,i}t\in\{-1,i\}, write Y^N\widehat{Y}_N and Z^N\widehat{Z}_N for the corresponding normalized random variables, and define

h(x,α)=1min(1,((1α)x2α)1α),xR+, α(0,1).h(x,\alpha)=1-\min\left(1,\left(\frac{(1-\alpha)x}{2-\alpha}\right)^{1-\alpha}\right), \qquad x\in\mathbb{R}_+,\ \alpha\in(0,1).

Alexander-invariant limit conjecture. For t=1t=-1 (respectively, t=it=i), there exist numbers ctc_t, γt\gamma_t, and αt\alpha_t such that the sequence of random variables

logΔK(t)ctNγt\frac{\log\left|\Delta_K(t)\right|}{c_tN^{\gamma_t}}

converges in law to a random variable with repartition function h(x,αt)h(x,\alpha_t). Approximate values are γ13.33\gamma_{-1}\simeq3.33, α10.44\alpha_{-1}\simeq0.44, and αi0.46\alpha_i\simeq0.46. The function h(x,α)h(x,\alpha) is the repartition function associated with a density proportional to xαx^{-\alpha} on a bounded interval, normalized to have mean 11; the numerical fits are suggestive, but finite-size effects are too large to determine whether the exponent α\alpha is common to both evaluations or differs between them.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Marthe de Crouy-Chanel and Damien Simon, “Random knots in three-dimensional three-colour percolation: numerical results and conjectures”, arXiv:1811.09066 (2019).

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