Bilinear tau-function conjecture for q-Painlevé V

Let τi\tau_i (i=1,,6)(i=1,\dots,6) be the tau functions associated with the qq-Painlevé V equation, with parameters θ\theta_*, θt\theta_t, and θ0\theta_0. Write f(t)=f(qt)\overline{f}(t)=f(qt) and f(t)=f(t/q)\underline{f}(t)=f(t/q). Bilinear tau-function conjecture. The tau functions satisfy

τ1τ2qθ(q1)1/2tτ3τ4(1qθt)τ1τ2=0,(q1)1/2τ1τ2τ3τ4+(1qθt)q2θtτ5τ6=0,(q1)1/2τ1τ2q2θtτ3τ4+q2θtτ5τ6=0,τ1τ2+qθt1/2(q1)1/2tτ5τ6τ1τ2=0,(q1)1/2τ1τ2+qθ0+2θtτ5τ6qθtτ3τ4=0,(q1)1/2τ1τ2+qθ0+2θtτ5τ6qθtτ3τ4=0.\begin{gathered} \tau_1\tau_2-q^{-\theta_*}(q-1)^{1/2}t\tau_3\tau_4-(1-q^{-\theta_*}t)\overline{\tau_1}\underline{\tau_2}=0,\\ (q-1)^{-1/2}\tau_1\tau_2-\tau_3\tau_4+(1-q^{-\theta_*}t)q^{2\theta_t}\underline{\tau_5}\overline{\tau_6}=0,\\ (q-1)^{-1/2}\tau_1\tau_2-q^{2\theta_t}\tau_3\tau_4+q^{2\theta_t}\tau_5\tau_6=0,\\ \tau_1\underline{\tau_2}+q^{\theta_t-1/2}(q-1)^{1/2}t\underline{\tau_5}\tau_6-\underline{\tau_1}\tau_2=0,\\ (q-1)^{-1/2}\tau_1\underline{\tau_2}+q^{\theta_0+2\theta_t}\underline{\tau_5}\tau_6-q^{\theta_t}\underline{\tau_3}\tau_4=0,\\ (q-1)^{-1/2}\tau_1\underline{\tau_2}+q^{-\theta_0+2\theta_t}\underline{\tau_5}\tau_6-q^{\theta_t}\tau_3\underline{\tau_4}=0. \end{gathered}

Consequently, the functions

y=qθ1(q1)1/2tτ3τ4τ1τ2,z=qθtθ/21(q1)1/2tτ5τ6τ1τ2y=q^{-\theta_*-1}(q-1)^{1/2}t\frac{\tau_3\tau_4}{\tau_1\tau_2},\qquad z=-q^{\theta_t-\theta_*/2-1}(q-1)^{1/2}t\frac{\underline{\tau_5}\tau_6}{\tau_1\underline{\tau_2}}

solve the qq-Painlevé V equation. This conjecture arises from degenerating the corresponding qq-Painlevé VI tau-function construction; the source supplies no evidence that it has been proved or disproved.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Yuya Matsuhira and Hajime Nagoya, “Combinatorial expressions for the tau functions of q-Painlevé V and III equations”, arXiv:1811.03285 (2019).

Additional references

3 papers in this index state this conjecture (2016–2018). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:1706.01940, arXiv:1608.02566.

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