Uncertainty conjecture for supports in the finite affine plane

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Let pp be prime, let f∈L(Fp2)f\in L(\mathbb F_p^2) be nonzero, and write

S:=supp⁡f,X:=supp⁡f^.S:=\operatorname{supp} f,\qquad X:=\operatorname{supp}{\hat f}.

For an integer k∈[1,p]k\in[1,p], let S⊆Fp2S\subseteq\mathbb F_p^2 and X⊆Fp2^X\subseteq\widehat{\mathbb F_p^2}.

Finite-plane uncertainty conjecture. One has

1kmin⁡{∣S∣,∣X∣}+1p+1−kmax⁡{∣S∣,∣X∣}≥p+1,\frac1k\min\{|S|,|X|\}+\frac1{p+1-k}\max\{|S|,|X|\}\ge p+1,

unless at least one of SS and XX is a dense subset of a union of a small number of proper cosets of the corresponding group. Perhaps it suffices to assume that neither SS nor XX can be covered by fewer than min⁡{k,p+1−k}\min\{k,p+1-k\} cosets.

This conjecture aims to strengthen Meshulam's uncertainty estimate for the elementary abelian group of rank 22, distinguishing the exceptional configurations associated with unions of proper cosets. The source presents it as a conjecture and gives no resolution.

References

Primary source

Andras Biro and Vsevolod F. Lev, “Uncertainty in finite planes”, arXiv:1808.07424 (2018).

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