Four-partite network decomposition conjecture

About 8 years old · traced to

Let Σ\Sigma be a network with four boundary vertices A1,…,A4A_1,\ldots,A_4, and let I(Ai:Aj)I(A_i:A_j) denote the mutual information between AiA_i and AjA_j on Σ\Sigma. Let I3=I3(A1:A2:A3)I_3=I_3(A_1:A_2:A_3) be the tripartite information calculated on Σ\Sigma. Four-partite network decomposition conjecture. An arbitrary network Σ\Sigma with four boundary vertices A1,…,A4A_1,\ldots,A_4 decomposes into six pairwise subnetworks Σij\Sigma_{ij}, 1≤i<j≤41\leq i<j\leq4, together with a remainder subnetwork Σr\Sigma_r, such that each Σij\Sigma_{ij} connects only AiA_i and AjA_j and satisfies

SΣij(Ai)=SΣij(Aj)=12I(Ai:Aj),SΣij(Ak)=0(k≠i,j).S_{\Sigma_{ij}}(A_i)=S_{\Sigma_{ij}}(A_j)=\frac{1}{2}I(A_i:A_j),\qquad S_{\Sigma_{ij}}(A_k)=0\quad(k\neq i,j).

Moreover, Σr\Sigma_r is a four-partite perfect tensor network with the same tripartite information as Σ\Sigma; all pairwise mutual informations vanish and

SΣr(Ai)=12SΣr(AiAj)=−I32.S_{\Sigma_r}(A_i)=\frac{1}{2}S_{\Sigma_r}(A_iA_j)=\frac{-I_3}{2}.

For every subsystem s⊂{Ai}s\subset\{A_i\}, the subsystem entropies of the seven subnetworks add up to those of Σ\Sigma:

∑i<jSΣij(s)+SΣr(s)=SΣ(s).\sum_{i<j}S_{\Sigma_{ij}}(s)+S_{\Sigma_r}(s)=S_\Sigma(s).

The conjecture has numerical support from direct computations for some network examples, but the theorem cited in the source is not sufficient to prove it.

References

Primary source

Shawn X. Cui, Patrick Hayden, Temple He, Matthew Headrick, Bogdan Stoica and Michael Walter, “Bit Threads and Holographic Monogamy”, arXiv:1808.05234 (2019).

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