Branched continued fraction for extended multivariate Eulerian polynomials of negative type

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Let m≥1m\geq 1, let x=(x0,…,xm−1){\mathbf{x}}=(x_0,\ldots,x_{m-1}) and c=(cL)L≥0{\mathbf{c}}=(c_L)_{L\geq 0} be indeterminates, and let Pn(m)−(x,c){\mathcal{P}}^{(m)-}_n({\mathbf{x}},{\mathbf{c}}) be the extended multivariate Eulerian polynomial of negative type defined from increasing multi-mm-ary trees with level weights. Let P^n(m,m)(x,c)\widehat{P}_n^{(m,m)}({\mathbf{x}},{\mathbf{c}}) and Sn(m)(α)S_n^{(m)}({\bm{\alpha}}) denote the corresponding branched continued-fraction polynomials, with weights α{\bm{\alpha}} given by the factorized formula with period p=mp=m. Branched continued fraction conjecture, part (a). For every integer m≥1m\geq 1,

Pn(m)−(x,c)=P^n(m,m)(x,c)=Sn(m)(α).{\mathcal{P}}^{(m)-}_n({\mathbf{x}},{\mathbf{c}})=\widehat{P}_n^{(m,m)}({\mathbf{x}},{\mathbf{c}})=S_n^{(m)}({\bm{\alpha}}).

The analogous identities for the other extended multivariate Eulerian polynomials are proved in the paper, but this part is not proved and is presented as the remaining conjectural case.

References

Primary source

Mathias Pétréolle, Alan D. Sokal and Bao-Xuan Zhu, “Lattice paths and branched continued fractions: An infinite sequence of generalizations of the Stieltjes–Rogers and Thron–Rogers polynomials, with coefficientwise Hankel-total positivity”, arXiv:1807.03271 (2020).

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