Cyclic q-binomial Laurent-polynomial positivity conjecture

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Let n1,…,nm,nm+1=n1n_1,\ldots,n_m,n_{m+1}=n_1 be positive integers. For integers jj and non-negative integers a,ra,r with a⩽n1a\leqslant n_1, define the expression

1[nm+a][n1+nmn1−a]−1∑k=an1[2k][k]2rqjk2−(r+1)k∏i=1m[ni+ni+1ni+k].\frac{1}{[n_m+a]}{n_1+n_m\brack n_1-a}^{-1}\sum_{k=a}^{n_1}[2k][k]^{2r}q^{jk^2-(r+1)k}\prod_{i=1}^{m}{n_i+n_{i+1}\brack n_i+k}.

Cyclic q-binomial conjecture. For every integer jj, this expression is a Laurent polynomial in qq, and it has non-negative integer coefficients when 0⩽j⩽m0\leqslant j\leqslant m. The conjecture is presented as a stronger version of an earlier theorem and as a generalization of a conjecture of Guo and Wang. It is listed among the paper's open problems.

References

Primary source

Victor J. W. Guo and Xiuguo Lian, “Proofs of two conjectures on Catalan triangle numbers”, arXiv:1806.02685 (2018).

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